Surgery, Gastroenterology and Oncology

Objectives: In a period in which minimally invasive surgery revolutionises vitreo-retinal surgery, macular hole vitrectomy has benefited the most from this technical and technological progress. The objective of this paper is to review the modern surgical methods used for the treatment of macular holes and to detail the differences between the current surgical techniques.

Material and methods: Review all the published papers between 2000 and 2015 in PubMed and Medscape databases and also the recent specialty literature.

Results: We noticed a similarity between the lots studied and the research methods used, especially after the introduction of the Optical Coherence Tomography in the 1990's. There is still a significant difference between the surgical techniques studied, and none is yet considered "gold standard".

Conclusions: All the surgical methods currently used in the treatment for macular holes are highly effective, but all the small differences in the anatomical and functional results do not indicate a standardized method.

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