Surgery, Gastroenterology and Oncology

Background: Intraoperative portal vein pressure (PVP) may reflect a mismatch between portal inflow and graft capacity after adult liver transplantation, but proposed thresholds vary and their clinical certainty is unclear.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, and Scopus from inception through March 2026 for adult liver-transplant studies reporting intraoperative PVP and postoperative graft outcomes. Two reviewers independently screened records and extracted data. Threshold/prediction studies were assessed wi....[more]

Background: Research has shown that identifying retained stones and bile duct injury is difficult. This study aimed to explore the use of laparoscopic ultrasonography (LUS) in detecting common bile duct (CBD) stones and evaluating biliary anatomy during laparoscopic cholecystectomy for patients with gallbladder stones.

Methods: This case series enrolled 77 adult patients of both genders with symptomatic gallbladder stones who were scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patients underwent LUS to detect CBD stones before proceeding with ....[more]

Background: Laboratory tests are integral to surgical decision-making, yet unnecessary blood tests (BTs) contribute to increased healthcare costs, hospital-acquired anemia, and patient discomfort. Currently, no global guidelines exist for their appropriate use in emergency surgery. This study aimed to evaluate surgeons' attitudes, perceived clinical impact, cost awareness, and ordering practices regarding routine BTs in acute care settings.

Materials and Methods: A web-based survey, designed following the CHERRIES checklist, was distr....[more]

Background: Gastric cancer is considered the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality, which is ranked as the fourth most common malignancy in terms of diagnosis. For resectable gastric cancer, neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been showed to be well-tolerated and effective, with enhanced mean overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The aim of our study was to assess and compare the effectiveness and safety of two commonly used perioperative chemotherapy regimens, FOLFOX6 and FLOT, for resectable and locally-advanced-gastric adenocarcinoma. <....[more]

Background: Hemorrhoidectomy is the conventional intervention for symptomatic or high-grade hemorrhoids; yet, problems such as postoperative discomfort, wound dehiscence, and moisture in the anal region are prevalent. Moist anal regions considerably affect patient comfort and hygiene yet remain inadequately researched. Objectives: To assess the efficacy of flavonoids in alleviating postoperative pain and the occurrence of wet anus.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis was performed with 180 individuals who underwent hemor....[more]

Background: Hemorrhoidal disease is one of the most common anorectal conditions, significantly affecting quality of life. Current treatment trends are shifting toward minimally invasive techniques that preserve supporting tissues, reduce postoperative pain, and shorten recovery. Laser hemorrhoidoplasty (LHP) uses laser energy to vaporize, coagulate vessels, induce fibrosis, and reduce hemorrhoidal volume without excision. However, large-scale evidence on its efficacy and safety remains limited. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of LHP, analyze factor....[more]

Background: Hemorrhoidectomy is the standard treatment for high grades of hemorrhoids, but is often associated with severe postoperative pain due to internal anal sphincter (IAS) spasm. This study evaluates the effect of partial lateral internal sphincterotomy (PLIS) on the outcomes.

Methods: One hundred patients with grade II-IV hemorrhoids were randomly allocated into two groups: Group A underwent conventional hemorrhoidectomy alone (n=50), and Group B underwent hemorrhoidectomy with PLIS (n=50). Patients were followed for 6 weeks posto....[more]

Introduction: High-grade renal trauma has been previously associated with nephrectomy. Nevertheless, advancements in medicine have shifted management towards organ-preserving strategies in haemodynamically stable patients. Computed tomography (CT) plays a pivotal role in the initial diagnosis, trauma grading, therapy guiding and follow-up. The conservative approach is particularly beneficial in sports-related injuries, where patients are young and renal preservation provides significant long-term benefits.

Clinical Case: This article revie....[more]

“A good surgeon knows anatomy; a great surgeon respects it.”

(Attributed to Sir Astley Cooper, British surgeon and anatomist)

Every December, the pink city of Jaipur, the touristic capital city of the state of Rajasthan in west India eagerly awaits one of its most anticipated academic events—the Jaipur Surgical Festival (JSF). Conceived in 2021 (by VKK), JSF has steadily evolved into a globally recognized academic platform. The Festival is organized annually by the Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital (MGMCH), a constituent unit of the Maha....[more]