Surgery, Gastroenterology and Oncology

Introduction. Nephrolithiasis is one of the complications seen after bariatric surgery. In Iraq, a survey that involved 3916 adults showed that 31.8% were overweight, and 33.9% are obese. Purposes. This study prospectively examined the incidence of nephrolithiasis and possible predictors in a laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy cohort of patients for one year.

Methods. A prospective cohort study involving 300 participants they were divided into two cohorts: the sleeve gastrectomy (SG) cohort consisted of 165 morbidly obese patients undergoing ....[more]

Background: Cancer is considered as the second leading cause of death and the most popular kind of gastrointestinal cancer is colorectal cancer that resulted from genetic alterations progressed during a lifetime. In human cancer, the most frequently mutated oncogenes but have not produced to therapeutic attack are RAS genes (KRAS, NRAS and HRAS). Methotrexate is a cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agent, as it acts on cell cycle. Aims: This study aims to investigate the cytotoxicity effect MEX2R and MEX2O in human colorectal cells and to compare its action with MTX. MEX2....[more]

Background: nephrotoxicity is one of the significant complications of cisplatin. Aim of study: to evaluate the impact of cisplatin on nephrotoxicity in patients at the National Oncology Teaching Hospital in Al-Najaf Province.

Patients and methods: An observational, cohort study was conducted by 40 patients at the National Hospital for Oncology and Hematology in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf, Iraq.

Results: The study shows significant differences in urea and creatinine levels before and after cisplatin treatment with p-values ....[more]

Introduction. Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common vascular disease. The endovascular repair, compared with open repair, was associated with early survival advantage. Objective. In this study we assess the complications of AAA within short term period of 3 months after Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR).

Patients and methods. This is a prospective study at Ghazi Al-Hariry Hospital in Medical City of Bagdad, deals with patients having an infrarenal AAA who underwent Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) from September 2021 to Septemb....[more]

Background: Pancreatic cysts are common and difficult to diagnose. CT scan is the best

radiology tool for evaluating pancreatic cysts. The study aimed to differentiate whether

pancreatic injuries are benign or malignant.

Methods: A prospective research with a total of fifty-eight cases from June 2021 to May 2022. Data collected including age, gender, symptoms, and CT scan findings. All cases underwent for CT scan examination.

Results: Most masses were homogeneous in 77.6% in content. About 74.1% of cases have thin walls. Cystic....[more]

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the role of mammographic microcalcification as an indicator for the occurrence of bone metastasis and to identify associated influencing factors.

Patients and Methods: A case-control study was conducted using data from breast cancer patients who sought treatment at the Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central General Hospital between June 2019 and June 2021. The case group included breast cancer patients with bone metastasis. On the other hand, the control group consisted of individuals who did not hav....[more]

Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a cancer that affects the myeloid line of blood cells. It is the most prevalent type of acute leukemia in adults. This study aimed to provide insights into Iraqi patients diagnosed with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML).

Methods: A total of 90 samples were included in the study,60 samples were from patients with AML and 30 were from healthy controls, both males and females, with ages ranging from (16-73 years). Peripheral blood samples were collected from all patients and healthy controls groups, pa....[more]

Background: One of the most prevalent solid tumors in men is prostate cancer which is caused by a lack of apoptosis, which leaves cancerous cells that refuse to die. Consequently, triggering apoptosis is a common approach for anticancer treatments to destroy tumor cells. The bacterial biofilm's EPS (Exopolysaccharides) is paying attention as a potential novel cancer treatment source.

Methods: This study targeted to determine the anti-cancer capabilities of EPS extract and its impact on the expression of the genes Bcl-2, Bax, p53, casp....[more]

Background: Entamoeba gingivalis is a non-pathogenic ameba that inhabits the human oral cavity and occasionally other sites. Entamoeba gingivalis may become pathogenic in cancer patients under chemotherapy. The aim of this study is to investigation of Entamoeba gingivalis in cancer patients compared to healthy individuals (as a control), in the Thi-Qar Province of Iraq.

Methods: Samples were collected from individuals with diseased periodontal sites and from individuals with healthy periodontal sites from cancer patients and control groups....[more]

Background: Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has been suggested as a hepatoprotective agent. Diazinon is an organophosphorus insecticide that causes hepatocellular damage by causing oxidative stress and inflammation. Aim: This study investigates the protective effects of resveratrol against diazinon-induced liver toxicity in laboratory rats.

Methods: Five groups of thirty rats were created: (1) diazinon-only, (2–3) resveratrol pre-treatment at varying doses before diazinon, (4) vitamin C....[more]

Introduction: Constipation is a common health issue, with most causes considered functional. Some cases of constipation are complicated by a redundant sigmoid colon and rectal prolapse, which exacerbate symptoms and management. A redundant sigmoid colon is often asymptomatic but can lead to many complications. The combination of these three conditions is rarely reported in medical literature; however, understanding how to select effective therapies and reduce the risk of long-term complications is crucial.

Case report: We report a case of ....[more]